The concept of the past perfect is easier to grasp than that of the present perfect (see teaching tip for present perfect) partly because the event is usually clearly in the past. Still, when discussing the use of past perfect in relation to the past it is worthwhile to highlight the PERFECT aspect, as this may help make sense of the present perfect. For example, a quick explanation could be:
The past perfect can be used to communicate something before the past, or looking back from a past moment in time. This is what PERFECT means. The use of a timeline also works particularly well with this explanation. For example, the sentence:
Can be illustrated like this:
The past perfect is usually dealt with after the present perfect. The activities below are for intermediate level students and higher.
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